So I did a little bit of simple research on the net.

Some people say that humans are the only species that has members who cry, but that seems to obviously be wrong, at least, if you simply check some of the videos on youtube.

In one video, a monkey wanted to go riding with a guy on his cycle. The guy took the monkey off and the monkey began to make repeated short screaming sounds, much like a kid might, and then, the guy let the monkey on the bike and the monkey stopped crying or screaming.

In another case, an orphaned orangutang was helped to get better and survive and then re-introduced to the idea of climbing and getting around in a forest environment. The human caretakers took the orangatang and placed him in some rope he could use to climb in and where he was a few feet above the ground.

What did the orangatang do? The kid orangatang shed tears just like some humans do, and just like various other scientists say that only humans do and monkeys do not!

Simple research on the topic of crying indicates that there are specialized researchers on the topic and they tend to regard crying as emotional crying.

"We" cry when "we" don't have something that we want or when something we want is taken away from us. Or, "we" cry when "we" feel lost, helpless, confused, alone or afraid.

Of course, as adult humans, the truth is that some people cry about things and other people facing the same situation, or the same grief or the same loss, or the same confusion, do not cry. Differing adult humans perceive the same situation differently and this may lead to some crying and others not crying.

Crying is a form of asking for, wishing for and hoping for help and crying usually elicits empathy, caring or help from others, especially if we are kids.

Of course, there is also crying for shame or guilt or sorrow about one's own poor or stupid conduct.

Crying is mostly a form of asking for help . . . and in some cases, in some canings or whippings or other punishments, the guy wants or asks the domme to stop and she does not.

Some guys cry when there is that combination of punishment, request for help in some way or hope the punishment will stop, domme's denial, maybe a lack of empathy and caring . . .

It is clear that some people will cry on their first whipping or caning, but others will not cry in the same situation and you and I might find that same whipping or caning to be light and easy. A lot of American dommes would not create a situation with a guy crying on his first visit, cause, simply, they give safewords, and before or instead of crying, the guy just uses the safeword.

Whether or not a guy ends up crying will depend on whether there is a safeword and how severe is the pain, and on the willingness of a domme to continue after a guy asks her to stop, and a few other factors.

Some women will cry in situations in which most men will not or do not. Partly it is because it is more socially acceptable for a woman to cry in those situations, and so, a woman may manifest her feelings in that way, where some men might become angry or stoic!

In any case, if my theory is right, then, there will be a large disparity in rates of crying from one domme to another, depending on the use of safewords, and the willingness to be severe.

Also, some dommes take great pleasure in making a guy face things he is afraid of doing or having done. And some obviously do not do that very much!

That is my theory and I believe it explains a lot of the facts!

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In his book, Vingerhoets lists eight competing theories. Some are flat-out ridiculous, like the 1960s view that humans evolved from aquatic apes and tears helped us live in saltwater. Other theories persist despite lack of proof, like the idea popularized by biochemist William Frey in 1985 that crying removes toxic substances from the blood that build up during times of stress.

Evidence is mounting in support of some new, more plausible theories. One is that tears trigger social bonding and human connection. While most other animals are born fully formed, humans come into the world vulnerable and physically unequipped to deal with anything on their own. Even though we get physically and emotionally more capable as we mature, grownups never quite age out of the occasional bout of helplessness. “Crying signals to yourself and other people that there’s some important problem that is at least temporarily beyond your ability to cope,” says Jonathan Rottenberg, an emotion researcher and professor of psychology at the University of South Florida. “It very much is an outgrowth of where crying comes from originally.”